时下高考刚刚结束，正是高中毕业生赴澳攻读学士学位的旺季。商科专业，如国际商务、会计、管理等等十几年来一直是大多数学生所选择的主流专业。其原因主要是家长们认为商科的专业就业前景比较好。然而，近年来商科毕业生中无论是归国的“海龟”还是留在澳洲继续发展的同学都越来越深的体会到就业难的问题。“海龟变海带”已经是一般现象；留在国外的同学也不乏有顶着硕士头衔在中餐馆洗盘子的现象出现。而澳洲商务委员会也通过对商学毕业生的评估发表了权威的评价：“绝大多数的澳洲商科毕业生不适合就业，更适合留在学校做学术研究”。归根结底，人们一致认为好就业的商科专业，其毕业生为什么会遇到如此严峻的就业挑战呢？

　　多样因素影响商科毕业生就业
　　影响商科毕业生就业的因素除学生自身素质、学习成绩、以往经历外，学生的专业选择和在真实商务环境中的工作能力是决定其能否顺利就业的关键。

　　在学生的专业选择方面，一般可以遵循一个规律：技能性和专业性越强的专业，其就业前景越好。比如说，属于技术工种的工程专业、计算机专业以及平面或3D设计方面的专业的就业前景以及毕业生起薪状况都好于商科。例如，工程及计算机方面的几个专业的起薪要比商科高出将近1倍。就商科而言，其中技术性专业性强的专业是占少数的。其中包括：精算、会计、金融等。但由于现在澳洲的多数城市的会计毕业生激增，会计毕业生的起步工作出现竞争白热化以及年薪减少的状况。商科的大部分专业的专业性和技术性都不是很强。这就给学生的就业造成的不小的困难，尤其是国际商务、市场营销、管理等专业。在这种情况下，毕业生的实际技能成为用人单位衡量人才以及毕业生就业的关键。

　　课程实用性是择校重要标准之一
　　因此，选择就读商科的学生在选择学校时就应将课程的实用性作为择校的重要标准之一。然而，前文提到的澳洲商务委员会对于澳洲商科毕业生不适合就业而适合学术研究的评价从一个侧面反映了大部分的商科课程设置在学术方面无可挑剔，但在实践方面有所欠缺。澳洲本地的商科学生很多情况下是边在公司工作边修学位，所以可以弥补这个欠缺对其的影响。但对于缺乏工作和社会经验的中国学生来讲，这无疑为学生以后的就业难埋下了伏笔。

　　澳洲各大学开设商学实践课程
　　为了解决这一问题以及提高毕业生实际技能和就业率，澳洲的一些大学在澳洲商务委员会的评估出台后做出了相应的举措。例如RMIT（皇家墨尔本理工大学）4年制的本科商科课程会为学生安排半年到一年的相关实习；UTS（悉尼科技大学）、La Trobe （拉筹伯大学）等大学在课程中加入了专门的案例分析课或实践项目课；ECU（埃迪斯科文大学）在实践项目外加设了4门全澳独一无二的商学前沿课程（Business Edge Program）。这4门课程是高强度的实践课程。其理论部非常少，旨在锻炼学生在商务环境下的各种基本技能，为其就业做好充分准备。

　　ECU推出全澳独一无二的商学前沿课程
　　作为ECU独有的课程，4门商学前沿课程是每个ECU商科学生的必修课。其实践内容由第一年的简单2人小组配合、各种商务软件的实际应用（包括Word，Excel，PowerPoint等等）、简单商务信函的撰写，到第二年的多人小组工作、各种商务文件文档的制作、商务公文的撰写，再到第三年的实践项目操作、成果展示、面试技巧及个人职业定位规划；循序渐进，在模拟及真实的商务环境下锻炼学生的实践操作能力。由此确保毕业生在求职时不会茫然、不知所措—他们十分清楚如何在实践中运用自己所学的知识和技能，并且明白雇主对人才的具体需要及衡量标准。

　　ECU商科毕业生实践作业展示：
　　商学前沿课程的强化训练再加上灵活实际的课程设置风格成就了ECU商学毕业生的高就业率。其商学院的就业率在当地位居榜首。以下是学生的在商学前沿课程中的一些实践作业展示：

学生做的商务计划书

华纳兄弟（Warner Brothers）实践项目总结

Team RAPKA is a consultancy business that has been hired by Warner Brothers to investigate the viability of an aquatic styled theme park in Western Australia. The idea of creating an aquatic theme park in Western Australia was developed from our group undertaking a brainstorming session. As a group we decided we wanted to come up with a business idea that was interesting and challenging.
In tackling the assignment our group decided the easiest and most efficient way to complete the required tasks was to allocate them according to individual strengths. With our group having a blend of marketing, accounting and sports management students this proved to be an excellent choice of strategy. A list of responsibilities for each group member was drafted up and adhered to throughout the project. During class time we worked on specific tasks with everyone contributing ideas and thoughts toward the task. Incomplete work was then designated to each group member to finish over the week and bring to class the following session. The work was then reviewed by the group as a whole before being submitted into the final document. Upon competition of tasks Adam Deasy was responsible for bringing it all together into a final document.
After completing the 7 tasks, with the key tasks being;
1. A draft budget that projected the costs of, constructing, running and operating the park.
2. An investigation into potential demand for the park, and  
3. A marketing strategy for the launch of the park
Team RAPKA has come up with the following recommendations to Warner Brothers in regards to opening an aquatic theme park in Western Australia.
1. Projected revenue and expenses suggests a theme park would be financially viable to open in Western Australia.
2. An investigation showed that there is a gap in the local market for such a business.
3. An extensive marketing and promotional campaign will be needed in the event of opening the park.
The group has worked extremely well together over the semester and we are very happy with the result of our final document and business concept. This reflects a solid group effort from everyone over the semester.

学生制作的PPT：

学生的职业计划：

Career Plan - Timeline

Date

Activity

Jun-08

Successfully Obtained place for Bachelor of Science (Mining) at WASM
　


Differed to finish bachelor of Business Degree (G95)

Sep-08

Apply to go part time at work as of Sem 1,  2009 to be able to study full time

　

Request Granted

Dec-08

Finish G95 course through ECU (Hopefully)

Feb/Mar 09

Begin Bachelor of Science course

Jul-09

Begin to look for Economic Analyst roles in the following firms;

　

Public Sector

　

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS)

　

National Competition Commission

　

Australian Tax Office (ATO

　

Productivity Commission

　

Australian Transactions Report and Analysis

　

Centre (AUSTRAC)

　

Private Sector

　

Access Economics

　

ANZ Economics

　

Real Estate Institute of Western

　

Australia (REIWA)

Nov-09

Hopefully have gained employment in either of the firms above

　

Job Market Analysis

　

China is still expected to be experiencing a

　

very high level of economic growth well into

　

2010-2020. Economic growth for China in 2009 is forecasted to be 9% Pervan, Dean (2007) which is phenomenal growth.

　

World economic growth around this time is only set at

　

around 4.6%. Pervan, Dean (2007) Since China is the main driver of the mining 

　

industry in Australia currently, This means the mining industry

　

in Australia will still be demanding a high level of employment

　

hence it will be a good time to enter the industry and get a job.

Dec-09

Have finished 1.5 years of Bachelor"s degree given elective exceptions granted due to G95 degree

Jul-10

Begin to research and apply for jobs within the mining industry

Aug-10

Hopefully have attained employment within the mining industry

Dec-10

2.5 years of bachelor of science degree complete

Jun-11

Finish bachelor of science degree

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